{"id":20896,"date":"2007-06-10T02:05:19","date_gmt":"2007-06-10T00:05:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bicentennial-of-photography.org\/?p=20896"},"modified":"2024-12-04T13:28:18","modified_gmt":"2024-12-04T12:28:18","slug":"petiot-groffier-homme-d-affaires-le-politique-le-photographe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bicentennial-of-photography.org\/fr\/2007\/06\/10\/petiot-groffier-homme-d-affaires-le-politique-le-photographe\/","title":{"rendered":"Petiot-Groffier, l’homme d’affaires, le politique, le photographe"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

D\u00e9couverte du plus ancien labo photo au monde<\/h2>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"
Une photographie prise par Petiot-Groffier en 1853 : l\u2019h\u00f4pital de Chalon avec sa nef d\u2019origine aujourd\u2019hui d\u00e9truite (coll. Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019Histoire de Chalon)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

La r\u00e9cente d\u00e9couverte du labo photo rest\u00e9 intact de Fortun\u00e9-Joseph Petiot-Groffier jette un jour nouveau sur un personnage hors du commun, \u00e0 qui le Chalonnais a d\u00fb beaucoup en son temps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il \u00e9tait l\u00e0, dormant dans le silence des d\u00e9cennies, rest\u00e9 parfaitement intact quand tout \u00e9tait boulevers\u00e9 autour de lui : la d\u00e9couverte r\u00e9cemment r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9e du laboratoire photographique de Fortun\u00e9-Joseph Petiot-Groffier, dans une maison de la proche p\u00e9riph\u00e9rie chalonnaise, remet en lumi\u00e8re une vie d’exception qui, commenc\u00e9e en 1788, s’\u00e9tait achev\u00e9e en 1855.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C’est dans la pr\u00e9cipitation des \u00e9v\u00e9nements r\u00e9volutionnaires que Fran\u00e7ois-Joseph Petiot avait entam\u00e9 son existence. Ou plus exactement quelques mois auparavant, le 16 septembre 1788. L’enfant, qui eut deux s\u0153urs et un fr\u00e8re, n’avait pu manquer d’\u00eatre baign\u00e9 dans les affaires publiques d\u00e8s son plus jeune \u00e2ge car son p\u00e8re, Jean-Baptiste-Joseph, avait \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lu en 1789 d\u00e9put\u00e9 du Tiers-Etat aux \u00c9tats g\u00e9n\u00e9raux et avait \u00e9pous\u00e9 une bonne part des \u00e9v\u00e9nements r\u00e9volutionnaires avant de devenir, sous Napol\u00e9on, juge puis pr\u00e9sident du tribunal civil de Chalon, enfin conseiller municipal sous la Restauration.
C’est sous cette m\u00eame Restauration que le jeune avocat Fortun\u00e9-Joseph Petiot, \u00e9poux depuis 1813 d’Olympe Groffier, commen\u00e7a \u00e0 faire parler de lui, en compagnie d’un groupe de jeunes lib\u00e9raux qui donn\u00e8rent du fil \u00e0 retordre aux Bourbons de retour sur le tr\u00f4ne de France. On comptait notamment parmi eux Moyne, beau-fr\u00e8re de Petiot, ou encore Emiland Menand. La Restauration tomb\u00e9e en 1830, Fortun\u00e9-Joseph Petiot-Groffier devait prendre toute sa part au nouveau r\u00e9gime. Il fut ainsi maire de Chalon-sur-Sa\u00f4ne de 1832 \u00e0 1835 et si\u00e9gea, au c\u0153ur des assembl\u00e9es parlementaires de Louis-Philippe, sur les bancs du \u00ab Juste milieu \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A cette vie politique s’ajouta un go\u00fbt particuli\u00e8rement d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour les affaires \u00e9conomiques. Dans ce Chalonnais du tout d\u00e9but de l’\u00e8re industrielle, on lui doit la mise sur pied de nombreuses entreprises. Outre la constitution en 1823 du moulin \u00e0 vapeur de Saint-Cosme, l’une des plus fameuses fut la sucrerie des Alouettes, \u00e0 Ch\u00e2tenoy-le-Royal, soci\u00e9t\u00e9 dont il fut le co-fondateur en 1836 et qui se sp\u00e9cialisa pendant de longues ann\u00e9es dans la fabrication de sucre indig\u00e8ne \u00e0 partir de la betterave.
Avant cela, c’est \u00e9galement \u00e0 Petiot-Groffier que l’on peut \u00eatre reconnaissant de l’acclimatation en Bourgogne de la m\u00e9thode de champagnisation des vins. La maison Petiot, propri\u00e9taire d’importants domaines viticoles \u00e0 Rully et \u00e0 Mercurey, voulut tenter de transformer ses vins blancs en mousseux. En 1822, elle prospecta en Champagne pour obtenir la venue en Bourgogne d’ouvriers sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s. L’un d’entre eux, Fran\u00e7ois-Bazile Hubert, tint le pari et fit le chemin jusqu’en Chalonnais. Les premiers essais, \u00e0 Rully, se sold\u00e8rent par un rapide succ\u00e8s : le bourgogne mousseux \u00e9tait n\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Entre toutes ses occupations, Fortun\u00e9-Joseph Petiot-Groffier nourrissait un pr\u00e9cieux passe-temps : la photographie. Avait-il connu Nic\u00e9phore Ni\u00e9pce ? La chose est tout \u00e0 fait possible car Ni\u00e9pce \u00e9tant d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 en 1833, Petiot-Groffier et lui furent pour partie des contemporains. Est-ce en vertu de ce possible lien que m\u00fbr\u00eet chez l’industriel la volont\u00e9 de fixer les images ? On ne le sait. Ce qu’on tient pour assur\u00e9 en revanche, c’est que Petiot-Groffier \u00e9tait bien connu \u00e0 Chalon pour son art de prendre des photographies. C’est ainsi qu’en 1853, ayant appris qu’on avait d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de d\u00e9molir la grande nef de l’h\u00f4pital de Chalon, la toute jeune Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d’Histoire et d’Arch\u00e9ologie demanda \u00e0 Petiot-Groffier de faire des \u00ab points de vue g\u00e9n\u00e9raux \u00bb de l’\u00e9difice (dont un exemplaire est reproduit ci-contre) afin que \u00ab ce monument si cher aux Chalonnais depuis des si\u00e8cles puisse \u00eatre connu et appr\u00e9ci\u00e9 de nos descendants \u00bb. Le mot de photographie n’appara\u00eet pas encore. On lui pr\u00e9f\u00e8re alors celui de \u00ab point de vue g\u00e9n\u00e9ral \u00bb. Mais, pour notre bonheur aujourd’hui, c’est bien d’une photographie de Chalon en 1853 qu’il s’agit, digne et \u00e9mouvant h\u00e9ritage l\u00e9gu\u00e9 par Petiot-Groffier \u00e0 la post\u00e9rit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gilles Platret<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00e9couverte du plus ancien labo photo au monde La r\u00e9cente d\u00e9couverte du labo photo rest\u00e9 intact de Fortun\u00e9-Joseph Petiot-Groffier jette un jour nouveau sur un personnage hors du commun, \u00e0 qui le Chalonnais a d\u00fb beaucoup en son temps. Il \u00e9tait l\u00e0, dormant dans le silence des d\u00e9cennies, rest\u00e9 parfaitement intact quand tout \u00e9tait boulevers\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21394,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[74],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20896","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-le-plus-vieil-atelier-photo-du-monde"],"yoast_head":"\nPetiot-Groffier, l'homme d'affaires, le politique, le photographe - Bicentenaire de la photographie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bicentennial-of-photography.org\/fr\/2007\/06\/10\/petiot-groffier-homme-d-affaires-le-politique-le-photographe\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Petiot-Groffier, l'homme d'affaires, le politique, le photographe - Bicentenaire de la photographie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"D\u00e9couverte du plus ancien labo photo au monde La r\u00e9cente d\u00e9couverte du labo photo rest\u00e9 intact de Fortun\u00e9-Joseph Petiot-Groffier jette un jour nouveau sur un personnage hors du commun, \u00e0 qui le Chalonnais a d\u00fb beaucoup en son temps. 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